Patna High Court–History, structure and some important facts
The foundation stone of Patna High Court was paved on December 1, 1913, on Monday. The Governor-General of India made the proclamation on March 22, 1912, to promote the territories of Orissa to the status of a separate province, and by letters patent, dated the 9th February 1916 Patna High Court came into existence with circuit sittings at Cuttack.
Foundation of Patna High Court
Here’s the history: The history which has led to the laying of this foundation stone is within the knowledge and acceptance of the scenario when once it has been determined that Bihar and Orissa need to be given the status of a separate state. The Patna High Court building was formally instaled by the same viceroy in the durbar specially provisioned for the purpose on February 3, 1916.
Expansion of Patna High Court
The work in Patna High Court started in the year 1916 with the Chief
Justice and six other judges. The actual strength of sanctioned Chief Justices
for Supreme Court was nine with three ad-on judges.
●
In the year 1937,
a separate state from Orissa was created, the High Court practically applied
the jurisdiction over the territories of that state till July 26, 1948, when a
separate High Court was created for Orissa.
● The number of allotted judges for the separate High Court stayed the same even after the creation of the Orissa High Court.
● The three additional judges posts were made permanent in February 1950.
Status of Patna High Court after Independence of India
India retained the status of Dominion in the year 1947, it converted to a republic on January 26th 1950 and framed its own constitution. This was the time when Judiciary has been given the responsibility to protect individual rights and property guaranteed under the Constitution.
The jurisdictions and strengths of the High Court were enlarged.
Article 226 of the Constitution has been empowered to figure out writs,
directions or orders in the nature of habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, and
approval to enforce any of the rights mentioned in the constitution’s Part III.
●
Article 235 of
the Constitution has command over the district and subordinate courts including
the personnel of such courts are also inherent in this court.
●
The program to
separate executive and judicial functions were taken into practice for the
first time on January 3, 1950, in Shahabad and Patna districts.
●
The particular
scheme depends on the Meredith Committee Report and the Shri Kanhaiya Singh
report.
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